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The science of the nature, structure, function, and diseases of the muscles is called:

  1. Biology

  2. Dermatology

  3. Myology

  4. Kinesiology

The correct answer is: Myology

Biology is the general study of all living organisms and does not specifically focus on muscles. Dermatology is the study of skin, hair, and nails, which are not related to muscles. Kinesiology is the study of human movement and does not necessarily focus on muscles exclusively. Myology is the specific study of muscles, including their structure, function, and diseases. It is the best fit for the given definition.